Southeast Migration Asian Route

Life expectancy map

Spain migrations

Para acceder a todos los datos: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1leoeOrXSCwoPNKfnEwNhKTbz2iSqmLLnXrcSLHj6mWc/edit?usp=sharing

I'm going to analyze the graphics of migration in Spain. In Spain, the most of immigrants came from Moroco and Romania, and the most emmigrants go to France and Germany.

The causes that make immigrants go or to another country are wars, like the one we are having in Siria; crisis, like the one we are having here, in Spain; or  dictatorships. The causes can be also that there is too much people there and it's to difficult to get a work, so people goes to countries were the laboral conditions are better, the salaries are higher or there are more jobs.


 

A lomos de la bestia

1. Summarize in a few lines the documentary.
A periodist starts a journey by the lines the immigrants go from Central America to EEUU, using the train that they call "the Beast".

2. Why is the train called the Beast?

Because it has produced the dead of thousands of immigrants, directly or indirectly.

3. What countries are the immigrants from? Where do they go?
From el Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala

4. What is the academic profesional experience of the immigrants?

The majority are proffesionals in their cities.
5. What dangers do immigrants face during the journey?

The narcos, the robbers, fall off of the train...

6. What type of migratory routes are described in the documentary?

Routes to go from Mexico to the EEUU.

7. Explain the consequences of migrations for both the countries that send the emigrants away and
the countries that receive immigrants?

The consecuences for the countries that receive imigrants are the accumulation of population and the reduction of jobs.

8. Give your personal opinion.
It isn't fair that people have to go to other countries to work in that conditions,
threatened by the people that want to get money of them, or sometimes, only kill them.

Sustainable house

 Website used: www.tinkercad.com

Analisys of a urban landscape

A city is a large human settlement. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organizations and businesses.


The city that I have chosen for this work is the city for my work is the city of Vitoria, in the comunity of The País Vasco, in Spain. It has a poblation of 250 051 inhabitants, this city was the Green Capital of Europe in the year 2012. Next, I'm going to descrive the urban plan of this city.


The old town (or hitorical center) of Vitoria preserves the medieval almond-shaped layout that was given more than eight centuries ago, when Sancho VI "El Sabio" founded the town. The Historical Center is based on a hill presided by the Cathedral of Santa María. Its streets are reminiscent of the artisan crafts that were located there: Correría, Herrería, Zapatería, Cuchillería, Pintorería... These streets have the oldest and most unique buildings in the city. In the center of the old town there are two magnificent Renaissance palaces: the one of Escoriaza-Esquivel and the one of Montehermoso. The problems that affect the old town today are the deterioration of some buildings, which have led to some processes of social substitution, but without reaching the extremes of other cities. The solution to these problems is the rehabilitation of their buildings and the promotion of housing in this area.


The bourgeois expansion zone takes place from the year 1781. It is the central and commercial district of the city inhabited largely by the upper class and the upper middle class. It has an approximate area of ​​55 hectares and extends surrounding the old town. In the past it was the extra-wall space of the city that was used to hold fairs and markets. The typical architecture of this area is composed of luminous buildings composed of large windows, elegant balconies and numerous viewpoints. Made during the nineteenth century. Since its construction throughout the XIX century has maintained a high valuation as a place of residence for the wealthiest and wealthiest classes It is an elegant neighborhood that has an important artistic wealth, both for its elegant buildings and the sculptures that adorn its pedestrian streets and squares. The problems of this area could be the absence of public transport and other services, old houses ... The solution to these problems is the financing of new houses or the rehabilitation of these.


In the periphery, from 1950 Vitoria-Gasteiz experienced a process of accelerated industrialization (companies such as Mercedes, Michelin, etc ...) that has produced the largest increase in population and urban extension in its history. In 1955, most of the still few industrial establishments were found throughout the urban area. From 1956, the City Council facilitated the development of industrial estates located on the outskirts and next to the main communication routes. These polygons attracted new industries and made it easier for factories to be concentrated in them, avoiding problems of pollution, circulation ... Speaking of the residences, this area is mainly made up of chalets. The subsequent crisis is especially noticeable in the new peripheral neighborhoods, where the very optimistic growth forecasts are not being met. To solve this problem the council should do the things that they promise.

Zamora Urban Landscape

Analysis of a rural landscape

A rural landscape is the combination of biotic, abiotic and antropic elements.

It is a cantabric or Atlantic landcape, probably located in the north or north-west of the Iberian peninsula.

We can say that it is a unusual relieve in these tipe of landscape due to the hills, in a estandar Cantabric landscape it would appear plains, but on these picture there are a lots of hills. Based on the picture I would say that it is a plateau, and the hills are the begining (or the final) of it. The vegetation in this areas are characterised by frondest forest and lots of bushes and other plants of this style.

Talking about the climate, I would descrive it as a place in which summers are cool (about 20º) and mild winters (5º-10º). There is also a abundant rainfall all about the year, as we can see in the vegetation. These allow us to say that the fields are small, and people live of raising livestock and of their fields.

The plots are small-sized because they have a few or less than 1 hectare and they use have an irregular shape. The fields are bocage because in the image they are surrounded by small trees or bushes.


The cultivation system are a various techniques that farmers use to grow crops using polyculture diversity, because the farmers grow cereals such wheat and millet. The irrigation systems that they use may be a dryland farming, the fields use rain to get the water they need, and in this landscape it isn't a problem, because, as we said before, they are abundant precipitations. Also the use of extensive agriculture is common when it's a dryland farming, and in this picture it is true.

According to the photo, there are small and isolated hauses scattered in the area, without a pattern. In these tipes of rural settlements there are usefull when people dedicate most time to agriculture and raising livestock.

The traditional house in this area is made of a structure of stone and the roof is covered with tiles. The distribution of the rooms in the house is seems to be simple, a kitchen, some rooms, a living room and a place to keep the animals.

As we said before, the land is used also to raise animals, such as cattle. Or maybe, for a secondary residence in which people would stay on, for example, the holidays.

Sadly, there are some problems that are affecting these rural settlements. The most important problem that I think these landscape are suffering is that there are less and less people, and this would became in the disaparition of these villages. Also, the need of comunication and a better education system is very necesary.

To solve this problems, I will propouse, for the first problem, a better sistem of transport, the creation of several works in the villages that now only exist on the cities, and, of course a better internet conection. To solve the second one I will trye to make an agreement between the phone companies to improve the quality of the calls. Finally, for the tird problem I will make a central school, or various in strategic places and also improve the collect sistem in buses that go all arround these villages.
 

RURAL LANDSCAPE. MY TOWN

Climate Graph

Climate graphs


     A climate graph is the graphic representation of the temperatures and precipitations of a place over the course of a year. The temperatures are represented by a red line while precipitations are shown with vertical blue bars

     Talking about the precipitations of this climate graph, we observe that the total rainfall is scarce (477pmm) and its distribution is an irregular as there are 4 arid months (June, July, August and September). By looking at the temperatures we can predict that most of the precipitations are in form of rain.

     On the other hand, looking at the temperatures we conclude that the annual average is warm (16.92 TºC). Summers are hot since there are four months of more than 22ºC. While the coldest is December (9ºC), so winters are moderate.

     Based on the De Martonne index the climate is a semi-arid climate due to the aridity index is 17,72, which is between 10 and 20.

     Usig the data in the table, we can affirm that the place is situated in the center of the Peninsula, also that it is a Mediterranean inland high zone. We know it´s a Mediterranean climate because the total rainfall is scarce and it´s distribution is irregular. The temperatures confirm us that it is an inland high zone, because the temperature range is between 16 and 18ºC and because annual average temperature is warm, like in Extremadura and the Ebro basin. Also, we can say that like in the table the mediterranean climate is characterized by temperate and rainy winters and hot and dry summers.

     The vegetation that occurs in this climate is adapted to withstand extreme temperatures and prolonged droughts in summer. The most characteristic arboreal species of the interior areas of Spain are the holm oak, the pine, the cork oak The fauna is very variated and they are small animals, like birds, amphibians and reptiles, but there are also some medium-sized animals.

ANALYSIS OF A TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILE

     A topographic profile is the graphic representation of the relief of an area, obtained by cutting transversely the contour lines of a topographic map.

    The line that I drew goes from the "Cabo de Creus" to the Gulf of Cádiz. The geographical accidents that cross my line are the Pyrenees, the "Cordillera Costero-Catalana", the Ebro depression, the Iberian System, "Sierra Morena", the Guadalquivir depression.

     Now I am going to explain the origin The Pyrenees were formed in the Cenozoic Era when the materials deposited in the Pyrenean and Betic coastal basin in the Mesozoic Era went up, the most high peak are the Aneto and Monte Perdido.

     Second the "Cordillera Costero-Catalán" was formed in the Hercynian Orogeny that were raid and converted in a socle. It is divided into two alignments; one parallel to the coast and other in the interior higher, it includes the sierras of Montseny and Montserrat.

    Third the Ebro depression was formed in the Cenozoic Age when the Pyrenees went up and the terrain in susurrounding went down.

     Then we find the Iberian System, it is formed by sectors, the higher one is in the north sector (Picos de Urbión 2235 m) and the mountain ranges more detacated are la Demanda and el Moncayo.

     In the fifth place we find Sierra Morena, that is not a mountain range, it is a stair between la meseta of the Guadalquivir Valley. It was formed by the push of the Betic Masiff. The most highlighted sierras Madrona, Pedroches and Aracena.

     To end, the Guadalquivir depression was formed in the Cenozoic Age when the Betic Range went up and the terrain in susurrounding went down.